Entertainment
Fetu Afahye: The History, Traditions and Cultural Meaning of Cape Coast’s Famous Festival
Ghana’s traditional festivals are more than colourful celebrations. They preserve the history of communities, honour ancestors, strengthen traditional institutions and provide opportunities for people to reconnect with their cultural roots.
Among the best-known festivals in the Central Region is Fetu Afahye, celebrated by the chiefs and people of the Oguaa Traditional Area in Cape Coast.
The festival is held every year in September and reaches its climax on the first Saturday of September, when chiefs, queen mothers, Asafo companies, residents and visitors gather for the grand celebration. The National Commission on Culture lists Fetu Afahye as a September festival of Cape Coast, while Visit Ghana identifies the first Saturday of September as its main celebration day.
But behind the colourful durbar, traditional regalia, drumming and dancing is a story of disease, purification, thanksgiving, spirituality and the survival of the Oguaa people.
What does Fetu Afahye mean?
The name Fetu is traditionally associated with the local expression Efin Tu, interpreted as getting rid of or clearing away dirt.
According to the traditional history of the festival, a devastating disease outbreak once affected the Oguaa community. The people turned to their traditional spiritual authorities and sought help from their gods.
The disease eventually came to an end, and the people began observing rituals of purification and thanksgiving.
Visit Ghana describes Fetu Afahye as a commemoration of this purification and an expression of gratitude to the 77 gods of the Oguaa Traditional Area.
The National Commission on Culture similarly says the festival commemorates a historic disease outbreak and is intended to encourage cleanliness and prevent another epidemic from affecting the town.
The connection with the Fetu Kingdom
Fetu Afahye is also associated with the historic Fetu or Effutu kingdom, which was located inland from present-day Cape Coast.
Visit Ghana describes the Fetu kingdom as a 17th-century kingdom located about 19 kilometres inland from Cape Coast.
The name therefore carries historical significance beyond the festival itself.
The history of the Fetu people is connected to the wider movement of Guan-speaking peoples in southern Ghana. Traditional accounts recorded in historical sources describe migrations that eventually resulted in settlements along the Central Region coast.
Cape Coast and Oguaa
Cape Coast is the modern name of the city traditionally known as Oguaa.
Oguaa developed as an important coastal settlement and later became one of the most significant centres of European activity on the Gold Coast.
The city became closely connected with European trade and colonial administration, leaving behind historic structures including Cape Coast Castle.
The cultural history of Oguaa therefore exists alongside a much broader history involving indigenous communities, European trade, colonialism and the transatlantic slave trade.
The National Commission on Culture describes the Central Region as an area where Fante traditions and the legacy of European coastal trade have strongly influenced the region’s identity.
Fetu Afahye as a purification festival
One of the most important meanings of Fetu Afahye is purification.
Before the main celebration, traditional authorities undertake a series of rituals intended to cleanse the community and prepare it for a new traditional year.
This is why the festival should not be understood simply as a durbar or entertainment event.
Its traditional foundation is spiritual.
Visit Ghana explains that Ghanaian festivals generally provide opportunities for communities to remember their ancestors, seek protection and purify their states before entering a new year.
The 77 gods of Oguaa
A major part of the traditional belief surrounding Fetu Afahye is the recognition of the 77 gods of Oguaa.
Traditional authorities perform rituals and pour libations as part of the thanksgiving to these spiritual powers.
The festival therefore reflects the traditional religious structure of the Oguaa people.
The 77 gods are not simply a number mentioned during the celebration; they form part of the spiritual explanation for the community’s relationship with its land, history and traditional institutions.
Visit Ghana specifically identifies the offering of thanks to the 77 gods as an important purpose of Fetu Afahye.
One of the distinctive preparations for Fetu Afahye is the confinement of the Omanhen, the paramount chief of the Oguaa Traditional Area.
The Omanhen traditionally spends about a week in confinement before the major public celebration.
During this period, he is expected to engage in spiritual consultations and traditional activities connected with the preparation of the festival.
Visit Ghana identifies this confinement as one of the important activities preceding Fetu Afahye.
The practice illustrates the central role of the traditional ruler in the spiritual and political life of Oguaa.
The ban on drumming and noise
Before the main celebration begins, restrictions are placed on certain activities.
Traditional accounts of Fetu Afahye describe a period when drumming, dancing, noise-making and merrymaking are prohibited within the traditional area.
Fishing in the Fosu Lagoon is also banned during this period.
These restrictions create a period of quiet and preparation before the festival’s dramatic public celebrations begin.
The contrast is striking: the community moves from silence and restriction to days filled with drumming, dancing, processions and celebration.
Amuntumadeze – the health and cleaning day
Another important feature is Amuntumadeze, traditionally regarded as a day for general cleaning.
Residents clean their homes and surroundings as part of the community’s preparation.
The practice connects the festival’s spiritual idea of purification with physical cleanliness.
This is particularly significant because the traditional history of Fetu Afahye is linked to a devastating disease outbreak.
The National Commission on Culture says the festival is observed partly to keep the town clean and prevent another epidemic.
Thus, the festival’s traditional message has a modern public-health relevance as well.
The Fosu Lagoon
The Fosu Lagoon is central to Fetu Afahye.
The lagoon has traditionally been associated with the spiritual and economic life of Cape Coast.
Fishing communities depend on water resources for their livelihoods, while the lagoon also occupies an important position in the traditional rituals of the festival.
Before fishing resumes, traditional rites are performed.
The Bakatue ceremony
One of the notable activities connected to the festival is Bakatue.
The ceremony involves opening the lagoon to the sea by cutting through the sandbar that separates the two bodies of water.
According to Visit Ghana, the ritual is traditionally associated with allowing fish to enter the lagoon.
The Omanhen pours libation to Nana Fosu, the deity associated with the lagoon.
The paramount chief then casts his fishing net into the lagoon three times.
This signifies the lifting of the traditional ban on fishing.
A successful catch is traditionally regarded as an encouraging sign for the coming season.
Fishermen and the lagoon regatta
The opening of the lagoon also becomes an opportunity for fishermen and community groups to celebrate.
Various fishermen’s groups organise activities on the lagoon, including regattas or boat races.
These activities add a recreational element to the traditional ceremony while maintaining the connection between the festival and the fishing heritage of Cape Coast.
The traditional priests and priestesses
Traditional priests and priestesses have an important role during Fetu Afahye.
One of the most anticipated events takes place during a night vigil around the Fosu Lagoon.
The priests and priestesses invoke the traditional gods through drumming, dancing and ritual performances.
The event attracts large crowds, including young people and visitors.
Visit Ghana describes the night vigil as one of the major attractions of the festival.
Nana Paprat Shrine and Adammba
Another important traditional activity takes place around the Nana Paprat Shrine.
A second vigil is held there, involving rituals and dancing known as Adammba.
The ceremony continues into the following day and forms part of the spiritual preparation for the climax of the festival.
These activities demonstrate that Fetu Afahye consists of a series of ceremonies rather than one single event.
The sacrifice of a bull
Another significant traditional ceremony involves the slaughtering of a bull.
According to Visit Ghana, the Omanhen performs this purification-related ceremony after addressing the people.
The sacrifice forms part of the traditional rites associated with cleansing the community and seeking protection and prosperity.
The seven Asafo companies
The Asafo companies are among the most recognisable groups during Fetu Afahye.
These traditional warrior organisations have historical roles within Akan communities.
They continue to contribute significantly to the public character of the festival through drumming, dancing, processions, regalia and other cultural displays.
The Ghana News Agency reported during the 2023 festival launch that cultural performances were presented by the seven Asafo companies of Oguaa.
Their presence gives the festival a strong connection to the military and social history of the traditional area.
Traditional regalia
Fetu Afahye is also a spectacular display of traditional clothing.
Chiefs and queen mothers appear in elaborate regalia, accompanied by linguists, elders and members of their traditional entourages.
The Asafo companies also display their distinctive clothing and symbols.
These costumes are not simply decorative.
They communicate traditional identity, authority, rank and historical affiliation.
The grand procession
The climax of the festival is marked by a major procession through the community.
Chiefs and traditional groups move through Cape Coast accompanied by music, dancing and other cultural performances.
The procession brings together the spiritual and social aspects of the festival.
After days of preparation and rituals, the entire community is able to participate publicly in the celebration.
The Grand Durbar
The Grand Durbar is one of the most anticipated moments of Fetu Afahye.
Traditional rulers sit in state while their subjects, visitors and invited dignitaries gather to witness the celebration.
The occasion provides a platform for traditional leaders to address the people and reflect on the development of Oguaa.
Recent celebrations have attracted political leaders, business personalities, cultural figures and visitors from outside Cape Coast.
In 2025, the Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly reported that the festival brought together the Oguaa Traditional Council, chiefs, citizens and visitors for a Grand Durbar at Jubilee Park.
Fetu Afahye and education
The modern festival has increasingly been used to discuss contemporary issues affecting Cape Coast.
For example, the theme of the 2023 Oguaa Fetu Afahye was “Celebrating our Educational Institutions for the Enhancement of Ghana.”
During the launch, Oguaa Omanhen Osabarima Kwesi Atta II urged parents and guardians to invest in the education of their children.
This shows how the festival has evolved into a platform where traditional leadership can address modern development concerns.
The festival and young people
Young people form a major part of the Fetu Afahye audience.
The night activities involving traditional priests and priestesses, cultural performances, music and dancing attract large numbers of young people.
The festival therefore provides younger generations with an opportunity to experience traditional practices that they may not encounter in their everyday lives.
This is important for the preservation of oral traditions, music, dance and indigenous knowledge.
Fetu Afahye and family reunions
The festival also serves as a homecoming occasion.
People from Oguaa who live elsewhere in Ghana or abroad often return to Cape Coast during the celebration.
Families reunite, old friends meet and visitors reconnect with their ancestral home.
Visit Ghana notes that Fetu Afahye provides an opportunity for people to meet old friends and relatives whom they may not have seen for a long time.
Fetu Afahye and tourism
Cape Coast is already one of Ghana’s most important cultural and historical destinations.
The festival adds another major attraction to the city.
Visitors can combine the festival with trips to historic sites and tourist destinations such as Cape Coast Castle.
Elmina Castle, Kakum National Park, Fort William, Fort Amsterdam, Fort PatienceFort Good Hope
Visit Ghana specifically highlights several of these attractions as places visitors can explore around the festival.
The combination of history, culture and tourism gives Fetu Afahye considerable potential for local economic activity.
Hotels, restaurants, transport operators, food vendors, artisans and other businesses can benefit from the influx of visitors.
The festival cannot be separated from Cape Coast’s wider history.
Cape Coast was once the capital of the Gold Coast and became an important centre of European commercial and colonial activity.
Its castles and forts remain reminders of the region’s role in the transatlantic slave trade.
Against that historical background, Fetu Afahye provides an opportunity for the Oguaa people to publicly celebrate an identity that existed before and survived alongside those external influences.
A festival that survived opposition
Fetu Afahye has also experienced periods of opposition.
Wikipedia records that the colonial administration once prohibited the festival and described it negatively as Black Christmas.
The festival nevertheless survived and was eventually revived.
This history illustrates the tension that existed between indigenous religious practices and Christianity and colonial authority during earlier periods of Ghana’s history.
Today, Fetu Afahye continues to be celebrated openly as an important cultural institution.
The return of the festival
The festival underwent a long period of difficulty before its eventual revival.
Wikipedia records that the festival resumed after struggles involving religious and traditional interests, with the period between 1948 and 1996 forming part of this history.
Its survival is therefore significant.
It demonstrates the ability of traditional institutions to adapt while retaining their cultural identity.
Fetu Afahye and the Oguaa traditional year
Another important feature is that Fetu Afahye is regarded as marking the beginning of a new traditional year for the Oguaa people.
The idea is connected with the traditional concept of Afehyia, or the completion and renewal of a cycle of seasons.
The festival therefore looks both backwards and forward.
People remember what has happened during the previous year while seeking blessings and protection for the year ahead.
Christianity and Fetu Afahye
The festival also reflects the coexistence of traditional religion and Christianity in modern Cape Coast.
After the traditional celebrations, an interdenominational Christian service is held as part of the closing activities.
Visit Ghana identifies the closing service as taking place at Chapel Square.
This demonstrates the way modern Ghanaian communities can maintain traditional festivals while also incorporating Christian practices.
The festival continues to evolve.
In 2025, the Centre for National Culture reported that the official launch featured the Oguaa Traditional Council, queen mothers, Christian representatives, civil society organisations and cultural groups.
The launch also introduced the Oguaa Project, an initiative focused on equipping young people with skills and knowledge to contribute to their community.
This shows that Fetu Afahye is increasingly being used not only for cultural preservation but also for youth development and community mobilisation.
The 2026 Fetu Afahye demonstrated the festival’s growing importance as a national cultural event.
The Ghana News Agency reported that Cape Coast hosted the climax of the 62nd Fetu Afahye on September 5, 2026.
The celebration brought together the Oguaa Omanhen Osabarima Kwesi Atta II, Ga Mantse King Tackie Teiko Tsuru II and Yagbonwura Bii-Kunuto Jewu Soale I, creating a meeting of Fante, Ga and Gonja traditional leadership.
GNA reported that the gathering was also connected with discussions around shared histories and reparatory justice relating to the transatlantic slave trade.
This illustrates how traditional festivals can become platforms for conversations about contemporary national and historical issues.
Why Fetu Afahye remains important
Fetu Afahye is much more than a colourful festival held in Cape Coast every September.
It brings together:
History – remembering the disease outbreak and the survival of Oguaa.
Spirituality – honouring the traditional gods and ancestors.
Purification – cleansing the community and preparing for a new year.
Chieftaincy – bringing traditional rulers and their people together.
Fishing – maintaining the historical relationship between Oguaa and the Fosu Lagoon.
Culture – preserving music, dance, clothing and rituals.
Family – bringing people home to reconnect.
Tourism – attracting visitors to Cape Coast and the Central Region.
Development – providing a platform to discuss education, youth and community projects.
For the people of Oguaa, Fetu Afahye is ultimately a celebration of survival, thanksgiving, purification, identity and renewal.
From the quiet period of traditional restrictions to the opening of the Fosu Lagoon, from the rituals at the shrines to the colourful Asafo processions and the final Grand Durbar, each stage tells part of the story of Cape Coast.
And as each generation continues to celebrate it, Fetu Afahye remains a living connection between Oguaa’s past, its present and its future.
Entertainment
South Korea Pledges US$4.5 Million to Preserve Ghana’s Forts and Castles
South Korea has pledged US$4.5 million in support over five years to help Ghana preserve its historic forts and castles, strengthen heritage tourism and protect coastal heritage sites from the effects of climate change, Tourism Minister Abla Dzifa Gomashie has disclosed.
The support, according to the minister, will include technical expertise and equipment to help restore and protect the country’s historic monuments, many of which face increasing threats from rising sea levels, tidal waves, coastal erosion and other environmental challenges.
Speaking on efforts to reposition Ghana’s heritage tourism sector posted on the Facebook page of Aidoo Elizabeth, Ms Gomashie said the government was working with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and the National Commission of UNESCO of Korea to develop measures to safeguard the country’s forts and castles.
She explained that the collaboration was aimed at reversing the deterioration of Ghana’s historic sites and making them more attractive to visitors, particularly those from the African diaspora seeking to reconnect with their ancestral history.
The minister acknowledged that although Ghana’s historic forts and castles remain important destinations for heritage tourism, there is a need to improve the visitor experience and introduce additional attractions to sustain public interest.
She cited the Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park as a leading destination in terms of visitor arrivals, noting that the government was exploring ways to strengthen other heritage sites, including Cape Coast Castle.
According to her, repeated visits to some historic sites may become less appealing when there are limited new experiences for tourists, despite the profound historical significance of the locations.
“The Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park now is the highest in terms of arrivals,” she said, explaining that the government was considering how to address possible visitor fatigue at Cape Coast Castle.
She noted that visits to the castle carry a deeper meaning for members of the African diaspora, many of whom travel to Ghana to reconnect with their heritage and learn more about the history of the transatlantic slave trade.
For such visitors, she explained, the experience is not necessarily about entertainment or elaborate activities but about reconnecting with their roots and understanding the historical experiences of their ancestors.
However, she maintained that more could be done to improve the presentation and preservation of the sites while maintaining their historical significance.
The government is therefore seeking to develop Ghana’s heritage tourism offerings in ways that preserve the authenticity of the monuments while providing visitors with more meaningful experiences.
Ms Gomashie said the government had been engaging UNESCO and the Korean National Commission for UNESCO, commonly referred to as KNCU, to explore ways of restoring and protecting the country’s forts and castles.
She explained that the initiative involves cooperation with Ghana’s National Commission for UNESCO, which she identified as being headed by Professor Damba, as well as UNESCO’s office in Ghana.
The minister said the partnerships were expected to contribute technical knowledge and other resources towards protecting Ghana’s historic properties.
She stressed that preserving the forts and castles was particularly important at a time when President John Dramani Mahama had placed emphasis on reparations and restitution.
According to her, Ghana must strengthen its heritage infrastructure to accommodate visitors interested in learning about slavery, the experiences of Africans during the transatlantic slave trade and the historical links between Ghana and the wider African diaspora.
The forts and castles are central to that effort because of their connection to the forced movement of Africans and the broader history of the transatlantic slave trade.
She argued that improving their condition and accessibility would help Ghana maintain its position as a destination for historical and cultural tourism.
The tourism minister identified climate change and global warming as major threats to Ghana’s coastline and the historic structures located along it.
She said the country’s coastal monuments were increasingly exposed to harsh weather conditions and environmental pressures, making restoration and long-term protection urgent.
Ms Gomashie, who is also the Member of Parliament for Ketu South, said her concerns extended beyond her constituency to the wider coastline and the national heritage resources situated along it.
She recalled the challenges faced by coastal communities affected by tidal waves, explaining that the same environmental pressures threatening communities also pose risks to historic sites and other valuable coastal assets.
She said South Korea’s proposed support would help provide the expertise and equipment needed to protect the forts and castles against these threats.
The minister emphasised that the preservation of the monuments was not only a tourism concern but also a national responsibility, given their historical, cultural and economic significance.
The five-year support programme is expected to contribute to efforts to safeguard these sites for future generations while strengthening their potential to attract international visitors.
Beyond the restoration of forts and castles, Ms Gomashie said Ghana was exploring opportunities to develop underwater heritage tourism along its coastline.
She explained that the country had ratified international conventions, including one concerning the protection of underwater cultural heritage.
According to her, the historical significance of Ghana’s coastline suggests that there may be submerged heritage resources, including shipwrecks, that could contribute to the country’s tourism offerings.
She said such resources should be identified, protected and managed responsibly to preserve their historical value.
The minister noted that underwater heritage could provide new opportunities for visitors interested in underwater sightseeing and the exploration of historical sites beneath the sea.
She clarified that the objective was not simply to excavate submerged resources but also to protect them and explore ways of making them accessible through appropriate tourism activities.
The development of underwater heritage tourism could therefore complement existing attractions along the coast and provide additional experiences for visitors interested in Ghana’s maritime history.
However, such efforts would require appropriate protection measures and technical expertise to ensure that underwater cultural resources are not damaged or exploited.
The proposed South Korean support forms part of broader efforts to preserve Ghana’s historical assets and improve the country’s appeal as a heritage tourism destination.
The forts and castles remain significant reminders of the transatlantic slave trade and the experiences of Africans who were held and transported through the coastal trading centres.
Their preservation is particularly relevant to Ghana’s engagement with members of the diaspora, including visitors seeking historical knowledge, ancestral connections and a deeper understanding of the country’s role in the slave trade.
By combining restoration, climate protection, international cooperation and the development of new tourism products, the government hopes to ensure that these sites continue to serve as important cultural and educational destinations.
The collaboration with South Korea and UNESCO is expected to support that objective over the five years, while efforts to explore underwater heritage tourism could broaden the range of experiences available to visitors.
For Ghana, the challenge will be to protect its historic monuments from environmental damage while ensuring that the sites remain relevant, accessible and attractive to future generations of tourists.
Entertainment
Kojo Antwi Presents Signed Memoir to US Embassy
Ghanaian music legend Kojo Antwi has presented an autographed copy of his memoir, Mr Music Man: The Journey, to the United States Embassy in Accra following a meeting with the embassy’s Chargé d’Affaires, a.i., Rolf Olson.
The presentation took place during a visit by the celebrated musician to the embassy, where discussions centred on music, culture and the longstanding people-to-people relations between Ghana and the United States.
In a Facebook post on Wednesday, October 14, 2026, the US Embassy highlighted the engagement, noting the role of music and cultural exchange in strengthening connections between the two countries.
The meeting underscored the importance of the creative arts in promoting cultural understanding and fostering relationships beyond geographical boundaries.
Kojo Antwi, popularly known as Mr Music Man, is one of Ghana’s most celebrated musicians, with a career spanning several decades. He has earned a lasting place in the country’s music industry through his distinctive sound and contributions to highlife and contemporary African music.
His extensive catalogue of songs has established him as an influential figure in Ghanaian music, earning him recognition across generations of music lovers.
His memoir, Mr Music Man: The Journey, reflects on his life, career and experiences in the music industry, offering readers an opportunity to learn more about the journey behind his enduring musical legacy.
The presentation of the signed memoir to the US Embassy adds another dimension to the musician’s engagements beyond the stage, bringing his personal story and contribution to Ghanaian music into discussions about cultural diplomacy and international relations.
The engagement also highlights how Ghanaian musicians can contribute to strengthening international connections through their work, personal stories and cultural influence.
Entertainment
GHAMRO Names 16 Radio and TV Stations Paying Music Royalties Out of 700 Broadcasters
The Ghana Music Rights Organisation (GHAMRO) has named 16 radio and television stations it recognises as complying with music royalty payment obligations out of more than 700 broadcasters operating across the country.
The recognition highlights broadcasters GHAMRO says are meeting their copyright obligations by paying royalties for the use of music in their programmes.
In a post on X on Wednesday, October 14, 2026, the organisation commended the stations for respecting copyright laws and supporting Ghana’s creative industry.
“We celebrate and appreciate our Top Complying 2026 Broadcasting Channels for leading by example, respecting copyright laws, and directly championing the Ghanaian creative economy,” GHAMRO stated.
The stations recognised for complying with music royalty payment obligations are:
Joy FM
Hitz FM
Asempa FM
Adom TV
Adom FM
Luv FM
Nhyira FM
Joy Prime
Sporty FM
Pent Radio
Pent TV
Citi FM
Channel One TV
PCG TV
Hope FM
Lucky TV

The announcement comes amid GHAMRO’s efforts to improve royalty collection and encourage broadcasters and other commercial users of music to comply with copyright requirements.
Music royalties compensate musicians, composers, songwriters and other rights holders when their works are used for broadcasting and other commercial purposes.
By publicly recognising compliant stations, GHAMRO hopes to encourage more broadcasters to meet their obligations and support the sustainable growth of Ghana’s music and creative industries.
Entertainment
The Disappearing Ghanaian Storyteller: When Did We Stop Gathering to Listen?
There was a time when bedtime did not always mean going straight to sleep. For some Ghanaian children, it meant gathering around a grandmother, grandfather or another older relative who had a story to tell.
The storyteller did not need a television, a projector or an internet connection. Sometimes, all that was needed was a quiet evening, a group of curious children and a story that had been passed down through generations.
There were tales about clever animals, foolish kings, wicked neighbours, brave children and people whose decisions changed their lives. Some stories entertained. Others warned against greed, dishonesty, disrespect and selfishness.
Children listened, laughed, interrupted with questions and begged for another story when the first one ended.
Today, that familiar scene is less visible in many households. Children have access to cartoons, films, online videos, games and social media. Older relatives may live far away, while busy family schedules leave little time for extended storytelling.
But as entertainment changes, an important question remains: Are Ghanaian communities losing the tradition of telling stories that once helped children understand their world?
In many Ghanaian communities, storytelling was an informal way of teaching children about life.
A story about a dishonest person could explain why trust mattered. A tale about an arrogant character might show how pride could lead to trouble. Stories involving animals could reveal human weaknesses without directly accusing anyone.
The storyteller could use humour to communicate a serious message, allowing children to learn while enjoying themselves.
Some stories also explained cultural beliefs, community practices and relationships between people. They helped children understand why certain behaviours were encouraged, and others discouraged.
The lessons were not always presented as direct instructions. Instead, children were expected to think about what the characters did and what happened as a result.
That process made storytelling a form of informal education.
Ananse: The trickster who taught through his mistakes
One of the most recognisable figures in Akan oral tradition is Ananse, the spider character known for cleverness, mischief and trickery.
In many stories, Ananse tries to outsmart others, gain something for himself or escape a difficult situation through cunning.
Sometimes his plans succeed. At other times, his greed or overconfidence creates problems.
The character is memorable because he is not a perfect hero. He can be intelligent and foolish, resourceful and selfish, entertaining and frustrating.
Through Ananse stories, listeners encounter questions about greed, wisdom, fairness, responsibility and the consequences of one’s actions.
Ananse stories have also travelled beyond Ghana and become part of wider African and Caribbean storytelling traditions.
Yet preserving these stories requires more than remembering the character’s name. The language, humour, performance style and different versions of the tales are also part of the heritage.
Every community had its own stories
Ghana’s storytelling traditions are not limited to Ananse.
Different communities have their own folktales, legends, historical narratives, praise traditions and stories associated with particular places or families.
Some stories explain the origin of a community. Others recount the actions of respected leaders, ancestors or extraordinary individuals.
There are stories about animals, rivers, forests, farming, marriage, friendship and conflict.
The details vary across cultures, and a story may have several versions depending on who tells it.
This diversity is important. Ghana’s oral heritage cannot be reduced to one character or one collection of tales.
When stories are documented, it is valuable to record the language in which they were told, the community they come from and the person sharing them.
Otherwise, a story may survive while the cultural context that gives it meaning is forgotten.
The decline of traditional storytelling cannot be blamed on one cause. Changes in family life, technology, language use and daily routines have all affected how stories are shared.
Television, smartphones and online platforms provide entertainment at any hour.
A child can watch a cartoon, listen to an audiobook or view a video without waiting for an older relative to become available.
Digital entertainment is not necessarily harmful. It can introduce children to literature, languages and different cultures.
The challenge is that traditional storytelling is interactive. The listener can ask questions, challenge a character’s behaviour or request that the storyteller repeat a favourite part.
A recorded video cannot always reproduce the personal connection created when an older relative tells a story from memory.
Work, school, commuting and other responsibilities can make it difficult for families to spend long periods together.
In some households, several generations no longer live under the same roof. Grandparents may reside in another town or village, making regular contact less frequent.
This does not mean families have stopped caring about their traditions. It means the opportunities to pass on certain practices may be fewer.
When storytelling is no longer part of an ordinary evening, it may be remembered mainly during festivals, cultural events or school activities.
Language can also influence whether traditional stories survive.
Some folktales rely on proverbs, wordplay, local expressions and cultural references that are difficult to translate fully into another language.
When a story is told in a language the listener does not understand well, its humour and deeper meaning may be lost.
Children who are not comfortable speaking the language of their parents or grandparents may struggle to follow long stories told in that language.
This does not mean stories should only be told in one language. They can be translated and explained. However, preserving the original language alongside translations helps retain expressions and meanings that might otherwise disappear.
Traditional storytellers carry knowledge that may never have been written down.
Some know several versions of a tale. Others remember the songs, sayings or responses that accompanied a performance.
If nobody records or learns from them, their knowledge may disappear when they are no longer able to tell the stories.
A written summary may preserve the plot but fail to capture the storyteller’s voice, gestures, timing and interaction with the audience.
That is why audio and video recordings, community archives and interviews with older people can be valuable.
What happens when the storyteller disappears?
When a traditional story is lost, the immediate effect may appear small. Children can still read books, watch films and learn from their teachers.
But the loss can be deeper than the disappearance of a single tale.
A story may contain expressions from a local language, references to a community’s history or lessons about relationships that have been discussed for generations.
It may also preserve an older way of understanding the environment, social responsibility or human behaviour.
When stories are no longer shared, children can lose an opportunity to learn about their cultural heritage directly from the people who know it.
The concern is not that every traditional story contains a lesson that must be followed today. Some stories reflect beliefs or social expectations that deserve critical examination.
Preservation does not mean accepting everything uncritically. It means keeping the stories available so that people can understand, discuss and interpret them.
Can schools bring storytelling back?
Schools could play an important role by giving oral storytelling a place alongside reading and writing.
Teachers could invite community elders, writers, linguists and storytellers to share stories with pupils.
Students could record folktales told by their parents or grandparents, write down different versions and discuss the lessons or questions raised by each story.
Cultural programmes could also include storytelling competitions in Ghanaian languages, encouraging young people to develop confidence in oral performance.
These activities could support language learning, listening skills, creativity and an appreciation of cultural diversity.
The goal should not be to turn every story into a rigid classroom lesson. Children should also have the freedom to enjoy the suspense, humour and imagination that make storytelling appealing.
Technology may have contributed to changes in storytelling, but it can also help preserve the tradition.
Content creators could produce short videos of Ghanaian folktales, with narrators telling stories in their original languages and providing subtitles.
Radio stations, podcasts and online publishers could develop storytelling programmes featuring older narrators and younger performers.
Libraries, cultural institutions and community organisations could build digital collections of stories, songs and oral histories.
Care is needed to ensure that the people and communities who share these stories are properly acknowledged. Where a story belongs to a particular cultural tradition, its origins should not be erased simply to make it more marketable.
With thoughtful documentation, a story once told to a handful of children could reach audiences far beyond the community where it originated.
One reason storytelling may be neglected is the belief that it requires someone who knows many traditional tales or has a special gift for narration.
But families can begin with simple steps.
Parents can ask grandparents to share stories from their childhood. They can tell children about how their community changed, how their parents grew up or how a family tradition began.
Children can also be encouraged to create their own stories inspired by what they hear.
The important thing is to create opportunities for conversation and imagination.
A story does not have to be perfect to be meaningful. Sometimes, the memory of sitting beside a grandparent and listening carefully becomes just as important as the story itself.
Not every old story should remain unchanged
As Ghanaian society changes, traditional stories may also need to be reconsidered.
Some tales contain stereotypes or reflect historical attitudes that modern audiences may question. Others may have different meanings in different communities.
These differences should be discussed rather than hidden.
Storytelling can be preserved while allowing new generations to ask questions, develop new versions and explore different interpretations.
That is how a living tradition remains relevant: it carries the past into the present without preventing people from thinking critically about it.
Ghana has made room for modern entertainment, digital learning and international culture. There is no need to reject those developments to preserve oral traditions.
But if children grow up knowing fictional characters from around the world while remaining unfamiliar with the stories their grandparents grew up hearing, it is worth asking what opportunities have been missed.
The answer is not to blame young people for preferring cartoons or accuse parents of abandoning their culture.
The more useful response is to create opportunities for stories to be heard again—in homes, schools, libraries, on radio and through digital platforms.
Older people should be encouraged to share their knowledge, while younger people should be given the tools to record and reinterpret it.
Because a story that is never told cannot be questioned, enjoyed or passed on.
And perhaps the greatest danger is not that Ghana’s traditional storytellers will stop speaking, but that the next generation will no longer gather to listen.
Entertainment
Netflix to Cut 1,000 Jobs as Streaming Competition Intensifies
Netflix is planning to eliminate approximately 1,000 jobs worldwide in its largest workforce reduction since 2022, as the streaming company adjusts its operations amid intensifying competition for viewers and growing pressure to sustain business growth.
The planned cuts represent roughly 6% of Netflix’s global workforce. According to reports published on October 14, 2026, the reductions will primarily affect employees in the company’s product, technology, legal and human resources departments. The announcement was communicated to staff in an internal memo from co-chief executives Greg Peters and Ted Sarandos.
The executives said the company intended to direct its people and resources towards areas considered most important to improving its service and supporting future growth. They also maintained that Netflix’s business remained strong and that the company was on track to meet its full-year financial forecast.
Competition puts pressure on streaming businesses
The restructuring comes as Netflix competes with established entertainment companies and digital platforms such as YouTube for audiences’ time and attention. The growing availability of free online video and alternative entertainment services has increased the pressure on subscription-based platforms to keep viewers engaged.
Netflix has also been exploring additional revenue opportunities, including advertising-supported subscriptions, live programming and gaming, as it seeks to broaden its business beyond traditional on-demand streaming. However, investors remain concerned about the company’s growth prospects and its ability to turn new initiatives into sustainable sources of expansion.
Biggest cuts since 2022
The latest reductions mark a significant workforce change for a company that had approximately 16,000 full-time employees at the end of 2025. In 2022, Netflix cut around 450 jobs after reporting a subscriber decline that raised questions about its growth trajectory.
Despite the planned layoffs, Netflix says it will continue investing in areas it believes can improve the platform and support innovation. The changes illustrate the difficult decisions facing major streaming services as they balance staffing costs, content investments, competition and expectations from shareholders.
The long-term impact of the restructuring will depend on whether Netflix can maintain its financial performance while keeping viewers engaged and developing new sources of revenue.
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